I’ve had the opportunity to explore my profession from a scientific perspective”

"My years as a doctoral student at the Swedish Defence University have been the best in my career so far. They have developed me both as a researcher and as an officer", says John Nisser, who defended his PhD in War Studies in May 2025.

John Nisser describes his decision to begin the PhD programme in War Studies as something of a leap into the unknown.

"There were no clear career paths, but it was curiosity and the desire to understand my profession on a more scientific level that drove me", he says.

Initially, the idea was to study what contributes to success in joint operations. But the eventual focus on doctrines began with a question from the university’s then Vice President and future Chief of Navy, Ewa Skoog Haslum: “How do I know that the Navy is doing what I want it to do, that they are following my doctrine?”

That question sparked an interest which led to several years of research into the connection between military guiding documents and how they are applied in practice.

"There was a lack of empirical research on the relationship between doctrine and military conduct. Plus, there was plenty of data available, which made it feasible to investigate", he explains.

Research directly linked to reality

During his time as a PhD candidate, he analysed how military doctrines are followed in the United States, Sweden and Norway. He developed a theoretical framework to explain why some doctrines gain traction, and others do not.

Along the way, he has witnessed a growing interest in doctrines, especially after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and Sweden’s accession to NATO.

"Now that we’re tackling NATO doctrine, while NATO simultaneously seeks to reshape the entire partnership through doctrine, these classic questions have become highly relevant once again."

Following his defence, he will take up a position at the Doctrine and Concept Section of the Defence Staff, where he will work specifically with implementing NATO doctrine within the Swedish Armed Forces.

"It feels fantastic to be working with the very topic I’ve been researching. It makes my career more meaningful and exciting."

Freedom and depth – but also uncertainty

Pursuing a PhD as an officer was a step into the unknown, which he does not regret. However, he highlights some issues that need to be addressed if more officers are to be attracted to doctoral studies, namely salary, future postings, and promotion opportunities.

"I was lucky to get a relevant position after my defence. But for many younger officers, it’s still a risky choice. You fall behind in terms of rank and pay, which makes it less appealing."

He believes that both the Swedish Armed Forces and the Swedish Defence University need to offer better career paths for officers who pursue research, especially if the goal is to strengthen the future of military education.

"As long as doctoral studies appear to be a risk, more of a passion than a career choice, I don’t think many younger officers will opt for it."

Doctoral studies – an investment in the future

John Nisser describes his doctoral education as the most rewarding years of his career so far.

"I’ve been able to delve into my profession from a scientific perspective. I’ve read military history, studied theories of war, and participated in several relevant projects. It has been enriching both as a researcher and as an officer, and I would absolutely recommend doctoral studies to my colleagues."

He will continue his research as part of his role within the Armed Forces, now with a focus on multi-domain operations, a growing concept in modern warfare.

"The best part about doing research is the freedom. Being able to choose what I want to explore in depth, and perhaps even becoming an authority in my field. It’s a fantastic opportunity, compared to just doing what you’re told."